Almanac Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chronicle - Essay Example I revere this season. In any case past that, this is similarly a not too bad an ideal opportunity to explore The Old Farmers Almanac 2015 atmosphere figures, and see what Mother Nature may have available for us. For the winter atmosphere conjectures in 2014-2015, The Old Farmers Almanac centers to Solar Cycle 24 †which began in 2008 †and predicts temperatures in the next year to be colder than standard in the midst of winter, and more blazing than run of the mill in the midst of summer. This winter, the central and eastern United States will see colder than conventional temperatures, while the western 33% of the country will experience better than average temps. Concerning day off, central bit of the country beginning from the dakotas to Texas and a short time later east through Georgia and South Carolina can anticipate cold and dry, while the Corn Belt area will experience the cool with heavier snowfall. With everything taken into account, The Old Farmers Almanac predicts overpowering snowfall for the upper east bit of the country, though there are furthermore parts of New England †western Massachusetts, southern Vermont, New Hampshire and most of Maine †that will be dry er than normal. Florida will most likely get more precipitation than run of the mill this winter. Out west, individuals can anticipate delicate temperatures and underneath typical snowfall practically, notwithstanding the way that the western bit of New Mexico down into the western-most pieces of Texas could see cold, freezing conditions. Expect better than average temperatures or progressively typical precipitation in by far most of Washington State. In the midst of summer, we could be in for a blistering, dry one here in the midst of the country. Anticipate hot all through the country, the primary two uncommon cases being in the southwest and in the mid-Atlantic states, where in the two territories they are foreseeing standard temperatures. Looking at the guide of The Old Farmers Almanac atmosphere conjectures for summer 2015, it is hard not to

Kim’s TimeLine Essay

Sometime in the past course books, a writing slate, a lot of reference books, and a guide of the world were viewed as showing helps; kid how times have changed.â Today we should simply flip on a PC, and the world comes to us in a matter of seconds.â In today’s present day world instructors approach a practically interminable measure of information.â There are such huge numbers of sites out there that cook carefully to teachers, and their understudies. For instance, one site that is by all accounts getting a great deal of consideration from instructors and their understudies, is one that an educator made herself; her name is Kim.â I will investigate her site, alongside other showing help sites, and perceive how they rate against hers.â First of all let’s start with a fundamental diagram of my examination paper, and in what way we are going to address the accompanying inquiries: Clarify the technique for Kim’s TimeLine? Give an evaluate of Kim’s thoughts, and how they identify with the TimeLine? Rundown the benefits of Kim’s Time Line, from a student’s perspective? Rundown the burdens of Kim’s TimeLine, from a student’s perspective. Present other showing help sites, alongside diary articles, and how they match Kim’s TimeLine? Give a target finish of the inquired about material?  The motivation behind this exploration paper is to concentrate on these six inquiries. Clarify the strategy for Kim’s TimeLine?  â â      When you click onto Kim’s TimeLine, an image of a blackboard, and a phrase: Kim’s Korner for Teacher Talk, alongside a yellow sun, pops onto your PC screen.â Then in enormous dark letters the accompanying trademark catches your eye: IDEAS FOR TEACHING THE WRITING PROCESS. Kim then presents five stages of her creative cycle: Prewriting, Writing, Revising, Editing, Proofreading, and Publishing.â The website page additionally incorporates General Ideas For Teaching the Writing Process, for example, Creative cycle Timeline, The Writing Process, Implementing the Writing Process, Sample Listing of Specific Writing Strategies (for each progression), Ten Ways to Emphasize the Writing Process.â (Writing Process 2006) Give a Critique of Kim’s Ideas and How They Relate to the TimeLine?  â â â â â â To be straightforward with you, I truly delighted in perusing over Kim’s TimeLine site, andâ  found it to be non-threatening.â The data was spread out in an amazingly shortsighted way, and I could really picture understudies, alongside their educators, utilizing and profiting by the data that this training help gives. Rundown the Advantages of Kim’s TimeLine, From a Students Point of View?  â â â â â â As I previously referenced, the TimeLine is unimaginably simple to operate.â If you see the TimeLine through a student’s eyes, you will acknowledge how the site causes you to feel absolutely good, and non-threatened, concerning the data that the TimeLine is attempting to pass on to you as an understudy. Before I started this examination paper, I need to concede that I was loaded up with a specific measure of nervousness, and stress; I thought about whether I’d do a good job.â But then to my pleasure, I saw that Kim’s TimeLine had an area that managed misgiving, and worry.â Her adapting methodologies to composing tension goes as follows: Center your vitality by practicing the assignment in your mind. Deliberately stop the non-gainful remarks going through your mind by supplanting them with profitable ones. On the off chance that you have some â€Å"rituals† for composing achievement, use them. (Kim’s TimeLine 2006)  â â â â â â So venturing into a student’s shoes, I put her adapting strategies under serious scrutiny; and speculation what?â They really worked.â I sincerely felt that the TimeLine, similar to most of site based teachers’ helps would have been incredibly difficult to understand.â Either that, or it would have been some age-old strategy for teaching.â Without seeming like some mushy infomercial, I’m happy that I wasn't right, and would emphatically prescribe the TimeLine to the two understudies, and their instructors. Rundown the Disadvantages of Kim’s TimeLine, From a Students Point of View?  â â â â â â Once again I put my feet into a student’s shoes, and made a decent attempt to locate the smallest measure of an imperfection with Kim’s web-sight, yet was ineffective in my efforts.â The main defect I could discover, didn’t include the substance of her TimeLine, however rather, to what extent her site address will be: address: http://www.kimskorner4teachertalk.com/composing/general/timeline.html Present Other Teaching Aid Websites, Along With Journal Articles, And How They Measure Up To Kim’s TimeLine?  â â â â â â As this task makes reference to in its guidelines, the web furnishes you with so much data that you should build up a separating taste with regards to the estimation of a website.â I absolutely agree with this statement, and recognize that there is an unending sum ofâ statistical data points over the internet.â But how does this identify with Kim’s TimeLine? Well in understanding to the assignment’s directions I have picked five teachers’ helps sites, and will assess them.â I will likewise separate how these sites match Kim’s TimeLine.  â â â â â â The principal site is called â€Å"Free TeachingAids.com.†Ã‚ I saw this site as amorphous and dubious, sort of like a major spending film with a plot that goes nowhere.â (freeteachingaids.com 2006)  â â â â â â The subsequent site was basically titled, â€Å"Teachers’ Aids†.â This site was like Kim’s TimeLine. It was non-threatening, and from a student’s viewpoint, they will value the way that it is direct, and to the point.â But by and by, to the extent a composing instrument goes, I would in any case need to put Kim’s TimeLine over this one.  â â â â â â The third site I picked was Java Applets for Teaching of AstroPhysics. Demonstrating the difference between Kim’s TimeLine, and this site, would resemble looking at apples and oranges; they’re totally diverse.â Astrophysics isn't some tea, in any case, on the off chance that it was, I would encourage the individuals who plan a profession in this field to click onto this website.â It has a simple to follow list of chapters, alongside a straightforward easy to follow outline.â Key words are featured, and went with an unproblematic definition.â (JK’s Applets for Teaching Astrophysics 2006)  â â â â â â The fourth site is called â€Å"Classic Teaching Resources†, and manages mental helpers, and other little subtle strategies to help you as an understudy, remember course material.â It centers around: punctuation, music, dates and different numbers, and affiliation and other subjects.â The site was begun by David Parsons, he explains: â€Å"As a previous educator of Latin, Greek and Classical Civilization for almost 25 years I have collected a lot of instructing material to share, and furthermore realize what I would have preferred promptly available.â This site is a little commitment to the instructing of traditional subjects.†Ã¢ (Classic Latin Greek Teaching Aids 2006)  â â â â â â The fifth, and last site I will contrast with Kim’s TimeLine is named Parliament : Teachers’ centre.â Like the main site, â€Å"Free TeachingAids.com†, I saw it as muddled, and for absence of a superior term, some what indistinct.â It offers a list of themes, so you can choose a subject that is exactly as you would prefer; however that’s about it.â It was intended to instruct would be British residents in achieving their British citizenship credentials.â (Teaching Citizenship Resource Center and British Citizenship Teaching Aids 2006)  â â â â â â Teaching helps aren’t just getting saw on the web, they’re additionally getting affirmation in the broad communications, for example, magazine articles.â In a compelling article, composed by Greifner, she reports: â€Å"To assist instructors with talking about the most present events.â Weekly Reader is likewise propelling electronic Classroom News Breaks this fall.â The messaged exercise plans will offer age-proper data, reproducible pages, and the web connects about critical world news inside 24 hours of the event’s occurrence.†Ã¢ (Education week 2006)  â â â â â â Another article gives teachers’ a web â€Å"Book Study† manage: Gary Paulsen: webenglishteacher.com/paulsen.html This rich asset has exercise plans and exercises for all ages.â Plans incorporate a coordinated unit and a PowerPoint direct for making an endurance pack. Instructor Cyber direct †Hatchet sdco-k12.ca.us/score/bring forth/hatchettg.htm This exercise plan contains language expressions content norms, understudy exercises and web assets for an investigation of the book. Ax, mce.k12tn.net/endurance/ax/hatchet.htm An efficient asset isolated by book chapter.â Each section classification has on the web (and printable) inquiries for your book study, exercises that tie into the part topics, composing exercises and jargon activities.â (Teaching Prek-8 2006)  â â â â â â The web isn’t the main electronic medium that today’s educators are utilizing in the classroom.â Video games have made it into our academic foundations, as this article proclaims: Video games show deductive thinking, memory, methodologies, and regularly, content region knowledge.â Teachers like Bill Mackenty, a PC expert at the Edgartown School on Martha’s Vineyard, offer recognition to Playstation.â It detail

The lost wallet, a great love story!

The lost wallet, a great love story! As I walked home one freezing day, I stumbled on a wallet someone had lost in the street. I picked it up and looked inside to find some identification so I could call the owner. But the wallet contained only three dollars and a crumpled letter that looked as if it had been in there for years.The envelope was worn and the only thing that was legible on it was the return address. I started to open the letter, hoping to find some clue. Then I saw the dateline1924. The letter had been written almost 60 years ago.It was written in a beautiful feminine handwriting on powder blue stationery with a little flower in the left-hand corner. It was a Dear John letter that told the recipient, whose name appeared to be Michael, that the writer could not see him anymore because her mother forbade it. Even so, she wrote that she would always love him. It was signed, Hannah.It was a beautiful letter, but there was no way except for the name Michael, that the owner could be identified. Maybe if I call ed information, the operator could find a phone listing for the address on the envelope.Operator, I began, this is an unusual request. Im trying to find the owner of a wallet that I found. Is there anyway you can tell me if there is a phone number for an address that was on an envelope in the wallet?She suggested I speak with her supervisor, who hesitated for a moment then said, Well, there is a phone listing at that address, but I cant give you the number. She said, as a courtesy, she would call that number, explain my story and would ask them if they wanted her to connect me.I waited a few minutes and then she was back on the line. I have a party who will speak with you.I asked the woman on the other end of the line if she knew anyone by the name of Hannah. She gasped, Oh! We bought this house from a family who had a daughter named Hannah. But that was 30 years ago!Would you know where that family could be located now? I asked.I remember that Hannah had to place her mother in a nu rsing home some years ago, the woman said. Maybe if you got in touch with them they might be able to track down the daughter.She gave me the name of the nursing home and I called the number. They told me the old lady had passed away some years ago but they did have a phone number for where they thought the daughter might be living.I thanked them and phoned. The woman who answered explained that Hannah herself was now living in a nursing home.This whole thing was stupid, I thought to myself. Why was I making such a big deal over finding the owner of a wallet that had only three dollars and a letter that was almost 60 years old?Nevertheless, I called the nursing home in which Hannah was supposed to be living and the man who answered the phone told me, Yes, Hannah is staying with us.Even though it was already 10 p.m., I asked if I could come by to see her. Well, he said hesitatingly, if you want to take a chance, she might be in the day room watching television.I thanked him and drove over to the nursing home. The night nurse and a guard greeted me at the door. We went up to the third floor of the large building. In the day room, the nurse introduced me to Hannah.She was a sweet, silver-haired oldtimer with a warm smile and a twinkle in her eye. I told her about finding the wallet and showed her the letter. The second she saw the powder blue envelope with that little flower on the left, she took a deep breath and said, Young man, this letter was the last contact I ever had with Michael.She looked away for a moment deep in thought and then said softly, I loved him very much. But I was only 16 at the time and my mother felt I was too young. Oh, he was so handsome. He looked like Sean Connery, the actor.Yes, she continued. Michael Goldstein was a wonderful person. If you should find him, tell him I think of him often. And, she hesitated for a moment, almost biting her lip, tell him I still love him. You know, she said smiling as tears began to well up in her eyes, I never did marry. I guess no one ever matched up to MichaelI thanked Hannah and said goodbye. I took the elevator to the first floor and as I stood by the door, the guard there asked, Was the old lady able to help you?I told him she had given me a lead. At least I have a last name. But I think Ill let it go for a while. I spent almost the whole day trying to find the owner of this wallet.I had taken out the wallet, which was a simple brown leather case with red lacing on the side. When the guard saw it, he said, Hey, wait a minute! Thats Mr. Goldsteins wallet. Id know it anywhere with that bright red lacing. Hes always losing that wallet. I must have found it in the halls at least three times.Whos Mr. Goldstein? I asked as my hand began to shake.Hes one of the oldtimers on the 8th floor. Thats Mike Goldsteins wallet for sure. He must have lost it on one of his walks. I thanked the guard and quickly ran back to the nurses office. I told her what the guard had said. We went back to th e elevator and got on. I prayed that Mr. Goldstein would be up.On the eighth floor, the floor nurse said, I think hes still in the day room. He likes to read at night. Hes a darling old man.We went to the only room that had any lights on and there was a man reading a book. The nurse went over to him and asked if he had lost his wallet. Mr. Goldstein looked up with surprise, put his hand in his back pocket and said, Oh, it is missing!This kind gentleman found a wallet and we wondered if it could be yours?I handed Mr. Goldstein the wallet and the second he saw it, he smiled with relief and said, Yes, thats it! It must have dropped out of my pocket this afternoon. I want to give you a reward.No, thank you, I said. But I have to tell you something. I read the letter in the hope of finding out who owned the wallet.The smile on his face suddenly disappeared. You read that letter?Not only did I read it, I think I know where Hannah is.He suddenly grew pale. Hannah? You know where she is? Ho w is she? Is she still as pretty as she was? Please, please tell me, he begged.Shes finejust as pretty as when you knew her. I said softly.The old man smiled with anticipation and asked, Could you tell me where she is? I want to call her tomorrow. He grabbed my hand and said, You know something, Mister? I was so in love with that girl that when that letter came, my life literally ended. I never married. I guess Ive always loved her.Mr. Goldstein, I said, Come with me.We took the elevator down to the third floor. The hallways were darkened and only one or two little night-lights lit our way to the day room where Hannah was sitting alone watching the television. The nurse walked over to her.Hannah, she said softly, pointing to Michael, who was waiting with me in the doorway. Do you know this man?She adjusted her glasses, looked for a moment, but didnt say a word. Michael said softly, almost in a whisper, Hannah, its Michael. Do you remember me?She gasped, Michael! I dont believe it! M ichael! Its you! My Michael! He walked slowly towards her and they embraced. The nurse and I left with tears streaming down our faces.See, I said. See how the Good Lord works! If its meant to be, it will be.About three weeks later I got a call at my office from the nursing home. Can you break away on Sunday to attend a wedding? Michael and Hannah are going to tie the knot!It was a beautiful wedding with all the people at the nursing home dressed up to join in the celebration. Hannah wore a light beige dress and looked beautiful. Michael wore a dark blue suit and stood tall. They made me their best man.The hospital gave them their own room and if you ever wanted to see a 76-year-old bride and a 79-year-old groom acting like two teenagers, you had to see this couple.A perfect ending for a love affair that had lasted nearly 60 years.Author Unknown Story was submitted by visitor: Taurus Queen dateline1924 60 years: This story was probably written close to 30 years ago.

12 Hilarious ‘Billy Madison’ Quotes

Like John Belushi, Eddie Murphy, Bill Murray, Mike Meyers, Kristen Wiig, Maya Rudolph—and many others—after graduating from the cast of Saturday Night Live, Adam Sandler went on to forge a successful film career, including playing the title role in the 1995 comedy hit, Billy Madison. Billy Madison is 100% Adam Sandler Whether you love him or hate him, Sandlers over-the-top kind of comedy isnt for everyone and Billy Madison is a signature Adam Sandler movie, complete with in-your-face gags, sexual innuendo, and anything-but-subtle punch lines. Chris Farley and Norm MacDonald, two more SNL alums, add to the raunchy fun. (If you like your movies politically correct, steer clear of this one.) In the title role of Billy Madison, Sandler goes a long way toward redefining the term idiot but hes not a lost cause. True, Madison may not be the sharpest knife in the drawer, and yet your heart still goes out to him because while he may think before he acts or say whatever pops into his head without a filter, he hasnt got a truly malicious bone in his body. Like fellow film comedian Jim Carrey, while Sandlers repertoire relies heavily on goofy antics and physical comedy to draw his audience in, the larger appeal is their ability to be hilarious in an annoying sort of way—and yet remain endearing on at least some level. One of the reasons that Billy Madison is a favorite among younger audiences is that Billys cartoonish behavior isnt threatening or judgmental. Kids connect with Sandler as a man-boy who understands the challenges of what it means to be a kid because hes never really grown up himself. Billy Madison Quotes Mr. Madison, what youve just said is one of the most insanely idiotic things I have ever heard. At no point in your rambling, incoherent response were you even close to anything that could be considered a rational thought. Everyone in this room is now dumber for having listened to it. I award you no points, and may God have mercy on your soul.—Principal Back to school. Back to school, to prove to Dad that Im not a fool. I got my lunch packed up, my boots tied tight, I hope I dont get in a fight. Oh! Back to school... back to school... back to school. Well, here goes nothing.—Billy Madison​Well, sorry doesnt put the Triscuit crackers in my stomach now, does it Karl?—Eric Have some more sloppy Joes. I made em extra sloppy for yous. I know how yous kids like em sloppy.—Lunch Lady Sometimes I feel like an idiot. But I am an idiot, so it kinda works out.—Billy Madison If youre gonna stay home today, you can help me shave my armpits!—Jaunita I am the smartest man alive!—Billy Madison Ooh, that boys a fine piece of work all right. Hes a fine piece of ass though, too.—Jaunita What is a horseshoe? What does a horseshoe do? Are there any horse socks? Is anybody listening to me?—Old Lady If peeing in your pants is cool, consider me Miles Davis.—Old Farm Lady You were brought up with every advantage. I bought you everything. Toys, cars, vacations, clothes...—Brian Madison When I graduated from first grade, all my dad did was tell me to get a job.—Frank

The changing dynamics of Supply Chain Inventory Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1852 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Type Cause and effect essay Did you like this example? Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of a network of interconnected businesses involved in the ultimate provision of product and service packages required by end customers (Harland, 1996). Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption (supply chain). Another definition is provided by the APICS Dictionary when it defines SCM as the design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand, and measuring performance globally. Supply chain management must address the following problems: Distribution Network Configuration: number, location and network missions of suppliers, production facilities, distribution centers, warehouses, cross-docks and customers. Distribu tion Strategy: questions of operating control (centralized, decentralized or shared); delivery scheme, e.g., direct shipment, pool point shipping, cross docking, DSD (direct store delivery), closed loop shipping; mode of transportation, e.g., motor carrier, including truckload, LTL, parcel; railroad; intermodal transport, including TOFC (trailer on flatcar) and COFC (container on flatcar); ocean freight; airfreight; replenishment strategy (e.g., pull, push or hybrid); and transportation control (e.g., owner-operated, private carrier, common carrier, contract carrier, or 3PL). Trade-Offs in Logistical Activities: The above activities must be well coordinated in order to achieve the lowest total logistics cost. Trade-offs may increase the total cost if only one of the activities is optimized. For example, full truckload (FTL) rates are more economical on a cost per pallet basis than less than truckload (LTL) shipments. If, however, a full truckload of a product is ordered to reduce transportation costs, there will be an increase in inventory holding costs which may increase total logistics costs. It is therefore imperative to take a systems approach when planning logistical activities. These trade-offs are key to developing the most efficient and effective Logistics and SCM strategy. Information: Integration of processes through the supply chain to share valuable information, including demand signals, forecasts, inventory, transportation, potential collaboration, etc. Inventory Management: Quantity and location of inventory, including raw materials, work-in-progress (WIP) and finished goods. Cash-Flow: Arranging the payment terms and methodologies for exchanging funds across entities within the supply chain. Supply chain execution means managing and coordinating the movement of materials, information and funds across the supply chain. The flow is bi-directional. Inventory management is primarily about specifying the size and placement of stocke d goods. Inventory management is required at different locations within a facility or within multiple locations of a supply network to protect the regular and planned course of production against the random disturbance of running out of materials or goods. The scope of inventory management also concerns the fine lines between replenishment lead time, carrying costs of inventory, asset management, inventory forecasting, inventory valuation, inventory visibility, future inventory price forecasting, physical inventory, available physical space for inventory, quality management, replenishment, returns and defective goods and demand forecasting. Balancing these competing requirements leads to optimal inventory levels, which is an on-going process as the business needs shift and react to the wider environment. It involves a retailer seeking to acquire and maintain a proper merchandise assortment while ordering, shipping, handling, and related costs are kept in check. Systems and pro cesses that identify inventory requirements, set targets, provide replenishment techniques and report actual and projected inventory status. It handles all functions related to the tracking and management of material. This would include the monitoring of material moved into and out of stockroom locations and the reconciling of the inventory balances. It may also include ABC analysis, lot tracking, cycle counting support etc. Management of the inventories, with the primary objective of determining/controlling stock levels within the physical distribution function to balance the need for product availability against the need for minimizing stock holding and handling costs. 1.2 Rationale to the study Most of the researches in supply chain areas are concerned about optimizing the supply chain in terms of its efficiency and competence in the product market, but only limited studies are done considering the inventory management in supply chains. Effective inventory management in a supply chain can play a vital role in cutting inventory holding costs across the different stages of the supply chain, thus emphasizing the need of a general model for managing inventories within a supply chain. Baganha Cohen (1996) developed a stabilizing model for effective inventory management for supply chains. Supply chain materials management methods could be made complex considering a multi product scenario and discontinuous supply chains. So the models developed should have room for all kinds of supply chain variability. Lee Billington (1993) developed a model for inventory management considering decentralized supply chains. 1.3 Overview/Significance of the are under study Inventory management for supply chains could be effective only when the information flow from top to bottom of a supply chain is streamlined. Cachon Fisher (2000) developed a value shared information model and performed a comparative study with the conventional data sharing strategies and end ed up with the proposed model performing better, reducing inventory holding expenses. Strategic plans for the effective 4 distribution of information are essential for supplying goods at the customer expected rate. Mutual sharing and analyzing of the information and standards between the supplier and customer at every stage of the supply chain is crucial and it also nurtures customer supplier relationships. Thus incorporating information flow standards in inventory management in a supply chain will definitely result in increased returns. Supply chains can be streamlined in such a way that they are continuous and follow the chain of activities at any given time. But there are certain cases where the chains appear to be in a broken or discontinuous form due to lack of communication flow and other practical factors that limit them from following the supply chain policy. So in such cases it is extremely difficult to evaluate the inventory management strategies. Materials stored at va rious locations of a supply chain can have divergent effects on the cost and service levels of the chain (Lee Billington, 1993). So managing inventories in such supply chains requires special focus and considerations at all levels. Inventory exist s in the supply chain because of a mismatch between supply and demand. This mismatch is intentional at a steel manufacturer where it is economical to manufacture in large lots that are then stored for future sales. The mismatch is also intentional at a retail store where inventory is held in anticipation of future demand. An important role that inventory plays in the supply chain is to increase the amount of demand that can be satisfied by having product ready and available when the customer wants it. Another significant role inventory plays is to reduce cost by exploiting any economics of scale that may exist during both production and distribution. Inventory is spread throughout the supply chain from raw materials to work in proce ss to finished goods those suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers hold. Inventory is a major source of cost in a supply chain and it has a huge impact on responsiveness. If we think of the responsiveness spectrum, the location and quantity of inventory can move the supply chain from one end of the spectrum to the other. For example, an apparel supply chain with high inventory levels at the retail stage has a high level of responsiveness because a customer can walk into a store and walk out with the shirt they were looking for. In contrast, an apparel supply chain with little inventory would be very unresponsive. A customer wanting a shirt would have to order it and wait several weeks or even months for it to be manufactured, depending on how little inventory existed in the supply chain. Inventory also has a significant impact on the material flow time in a supply chain. Material flow time is the time that elapses between the points at which material enters the supp ly chain to the point at which it exist. Another important area where inventory has a significant impact is throughput. For a supply chain, throughput is the rate at which sales occur. If inventory is represented by I, flow time by T, and throughput by D, the thee can be related using Littles law as follows: I = DT For example, if the flow time of an auto assembly process is ten hours and the throughput is 60 units an hour, Littles Law tells us that the inventory is 60 x 10 = 600 units. If we were able to reduce inventory to 300 units while holding throughput constant, we would reduce our flow time to five hours (300/60). We note that in this relationship, inventory and throughput must have consistent units. The logical conclusion here is that inventory and flow time are synonymous in a supply chain. managers should use actions that lower the amount of inventory needed without increasing cost or reducing responsiveness, because reduces flow time can be a significant advanta ge in a supply chain. 1.4 Historical Developments In the 1980s, the term Supply Chain Management (SCM) was developed[6] to express the need to integrate the key business processes, from end user through original suppliers. Original suppliers being those that provide products, services and information that add value for customers and other stakeholders. The basic idea behind the SCM is that companies and corporations involve themselves in a supply chain by exchanging information regarding market fluctuations and production capabilities. If all relevant information is accessible to any relevant company, every company in the supply chain has the possibility to and can seek to help optimizing the entire supply chain rather than sub optimize based on a local interest. This will lead to better planned overall production and distribution which can cut costs and give a more attractive final product leading to better sales and better overall results for the companies involved. In corporating SCM successfully leads to a new kind of competition on the global market where competition is no longer of the company versus company form but rather takes on a supply chain versus supply chain form. The primary objective of supply chain management is to fulfill customer demands through the most efficient use of resources, including distribution capacity, inventory and labor. In theory, a supply chain seeks to match demand with supply and do so with the minimal inventory. Various aspects of optimizing the supply chain include liaising with suppliers to eliminate bottlenecks; sourcing strategically to strike a balance between lowest material cost and transportation, implementing JIT (Just In Time) techniques to optimize manufacturing flow; maintaining the right mix and location of factories and warehouses to serve customer markets, and using location/allocation, vehicle routing analysis, dynamic programming and, of course, traditional logistics optimization to maximize the efficiency of the distribution side. There is often confusion over the terms supply chain and logistics. It is now generally accepted that the term Logistics applies to activities within one company/organization involving distribution of product whereas the term supply chain also encompasses manufacturing and procurement and therefore has a much broader focus as it involves multiple enterprises, including suppliers, manufacturers and retailers, working together to meet a customer need for a product or service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The changing dynamics of Supply Chain Inventory Management" essay for you Create order

Professional Athletes’ Salaries Free Essays

In today’s society, the American people can’t get enough of their favorite teams and athletes. Entire cities are infatuated with these teams and as a result, people spend much of their time and money watching and rooting, hoping for a victory. There is nothing wrong with enjoying and marveling at the talent of these professional athletes, but what happens with all these resources that go into the sports? They go straight to the players. We will write a custom essay sample on Professional Athletes’ Salaries or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although our society idolizes and cheers on our favorite athletes, they are significantly overpaid. The amount of money some of the best athletes make in a year is astonishing. Professional baseball player, Alex Rodriguez, will have made 33 million dollars this year, just based on his salary, not including endorsements (Freedman). Tiger Woods made almost 23 million dollars in his winnings from various golf tournaments in 2009, and add on another 105 million from his endorsements and you get the highest paid athlete in the world (Freeman). Endorsements are another subject entirely, but it makes you understand how important it is for companies to have their logo on someone’s hat, or have a big star in their commercial. Keep in mind not all athletes are paid in millions, we are talking about some of the best in the most popular sports. That being said, the average MLB player’s contract will be around three million dollars, and the minimum being 400 thousand dollars (MLBPA). This means a player sitting on the bench the entire season will make nearly ten times what the average teacher will make. The reason all of these players get paid so much is because all professional sports leagues are essentially a business. And with all these countless numbers of sport fans (myself included), business is booming. It is important to understand how the business works when you need to fix a problem. The Managers and Owners want their team to do well to bring in the fans, which in turn brings in the money. If a team is doing well they will make exponentially more money because of the sellout crowds and the jersey’s flying off the shelves. The best way to improve your team is to get the best players, and that is done by paying for them. When a player is a free agent (does not have a contract to a specific team), teams will essentially bid and negotiate, and in most cases the highest paying team will get that player. This is why teams like the Yankees have so many of the best players, because of their humungous fan base, they have a seemingly unlimited amount of cash to bring in the best players. So all this money is coming in from tickets and clothing and other sources of income and it has to go somewhere, right? Many people think athletes are rightfully paid all the money they have earned. Some argue that football players have short careers and many health problems after they are retired, so they will then need money for their injuries. With the average NFL player making 310 Thousand dollars in a year (NFL Player†¦ ), and they play 10 years for example, they should be okay financially. Some young athletes will receive their first big check and go blow it all immediately. This is why some players are broke years after their career, and try to use it to justify their pay check, and make it seem as if they aren’t paid that much at all. In reality it is their poor money managing skills; they still make a ridiculously larger amount of money in their career than any normal person will make in their lifetime. Another argument is that not all athletes are paid so highly. This is true, a professional volleyball player, or even a minor league baseball player, will probably not make as much as a A-Rod or Tiger, but they are making a living by having fun playing a sport. What more could you ask for? When you take a look at an athlete’s salary and compare it to a teacher, fireman, or even a doctor, it doesn’t even come close. There are so many other occupations that are paid much less than a pro athlete, but contribute much more to our community. Teachers are having to have more and more students in their classes and many of them are having to find a new career because of the pay. A good teacher can change the lives of some students and provide so much knowledge, but it is hard to aspire to be a teacher rather than an athlete when you compare the two’s salary. Think of all the money we could put into education, health, the environment, just to name a few. Just being able to live by playing a sport is something players shouldn’t take for granted. It is the very fans of the sports who are responsible for such high salaries (Callahan). The main way to lower professional athletes’ salaries would be for people to stop paying so much for tickets, jerseys, and sports packages on television. Frankly, that will not be happening anytime soon with the current way we worship these people. What needs to happen is the big professional sports leagues (NBA, MLB, NFL, NHL), need to recognize what is going on. They need to see how our economy is hurt and how our society needs the financial support. Ticket prices need to be slashed. Jersey prices need to be slashed. The best athletes can still be rewarded and paid a few hundred thousand, not millions and millions. They can still make great money from endorsements. And those extra funds need to be given back to the cities that have given so much to the sports franchises. The people need them to rebuild our educational and health systems, and our overall economy. Players can still have a great standard of living, but it is just wasted money if they are sitting among America’s richest. Many of these arguments can also be said for corporate CEO’s and that needs to change. These people are at the top of the food chain while everyone below them is hurting. The sports leagues are blinded by greed and stardom; not only is it the athletes being paid so much, but the team owners as well. It is okay to look at these pro’s as a personal hero, but we need to step back and cut down on how much we idolize them if we want to see improvement. In the end, it is all a business and it is their job to step up and make a change to better our society. How to cite Professional Athletes’ Salaries, Papers

Accounting for Partnership Business free essay sample

Through the comparison of the different business structures, Christina and David will choose the partnership as the form of business entity to commerce their new business. This report will discuss the reasons of choosing the partnership and then point out the advantages and disadvantages of different business structures. It will also explain the registration process and agencies that are involved in the form of partnership entity. Finally, based on the partnership agreement, some implications and financial reports will be given in the report. Sole trader The three main options are sole trader, partnership and company. Each has advantages and disadvantages, depending on various circumstances. Running a new business as a sole trader is the easiest approach, since getting started costs very little and is simple. The sole trader does not pay separate income tax and is not subject to company regulation such as the Corporations Act (Birt, Chalmers, Byrne, Brooks amp; Oliver, 2012). Also, the owner can retain full control, have rights to make decisions and get all the profits, if the business underperforms, he can offset losses against other income. However, the individual has unlimited liability since it is not a separate legal entity. That is to say, the owner is personally responsible for all the debts incurred by the business. If it goes bad, he may be forced to sell other assets and the personal assets could be at risk. The tax disadvantage is that a person may be liable to pay income tax up to the top marginal tax rate (Pendieton amp; Vickery, 2005). Moreover, this form is limited by skill, time and investment of the individual owner (Harris, Hargovan amp; Adams, 2009). Partnership Partnership, as a form of business structure, involves a group of two or more people carrying on the business in common with a view to profit (Harris, Hargovan amp; Adams, 2009). The partners will share the profits, losses and risks based on the ownership structures described in the partnership agreement (Birt et al. , 2012). The use of partnerships and its attractions can be attributed to several reasons. First and foremost, as is the case with sole trader, partnership is easy to set up with minimal costs and resources. Individuals are not required to prepare additional paperwork to form an ordinary partnership (Harris, Hargovan amp; Adams, 2009). However, they must fulfill the same registration requirements as other new business. Meanwhile, as with sole traders, although many partnerships use MYOB or QuickBooks to assist in report preparation, there are no formal requirements for partnership financial statements on the basis of accounting standards (Birt et al. , 2012). In other words, there is not bound by accounting standards and it is easy to create without many formalities due to lighter government regulation compared to companies. In the second place, the partnership does not pay separate taxation on the income and profits they earned and has the ability to split tax and share the responsibility for running the business. Although the partnership will present an annual partnership income tax return to the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) in order to maintain the partnership’s income and deductions for the period, they do not need to obey as much government regulation as companies (Birt et al. , 2012). Furthermore, the pooling of capital and resources is a plus as is the simplicity and tax arrangement (Harris, Hargovan amp; Adams, 2009). It means that this structure can combine the capital, skills as well as the talents, which will promote the efficiency of decision-making (Kimmel, 2008). But each partner takes on unlimited liability for the businesss debts and there is also the risk of dysfunctional disagreements among the partners (Pendieton amp; Vickery, 2005). Company With the company option, it is a form of business organization and separate entity from its directors and members. One of the advantages is the ownership flexibility, shareholders being able to come and go without unduly affecting the business. At the same time, the limited liability of shareholders leads to the transference of the ownership rights for shareholders (Pendieton amp; Vickery, 2005). Other advantages include that it is easy to raise capital through public share offerings and expand the business networks effectively due to legal structure (Birt et al. , 2012). Nevertheless, it is expensive and time consuming to set up. Complying with Corporations Act and other legal requirements, different types of companies need to prepare the financial reports based on accounting standards as well as conduct the complicated operational procedure like shareholder meetings or cultural management. While company taxation rates may be lower than some individual tax rates, tax losses are not passed through to the members because of its separate legal entity (Seidman, 1950). Therefore, the distinctive features of the partnership structure overweigh its disadvantages. The comparisons between the sole trader, partnership and company also show that the partnership is an appropriate choice for Christina and David’s small business. It is common in the fields of law and accounting. There are four essential elements for partnership: there must be a valid agreement between the parties ensuring the relationship; there must be a business being carrying on in accordance with Partnership Act; there must be two or more persons working in the business together although there may be silent partners who are not actively involved in the management; there must be a motivation to run the business so as to generate a profit, even if business is ultimately unsuccessful in making a profit (Pendieton amp; Vickery, 2005). The carrying on of a business may include a continuing activity over a period of time. Accordingly Christina and David can fulfill the above conditions and choose the partnership to conduct their business. Registration Process To conduct their business in a better way, registration processes and relative agencies involved in the formation of the partnership should be taken into account. To begin with, the basic registration requirements consists of applying for and Australian Business Number (ABN), which is an identifying number for dealing with the ATO and other government departments (Birt et al. 2012). Similarly, the partnership business need to register a unique number to increase the efficiency in administering tax called tax file number (TFN). The next step is that Christina and David need to elect to use a business name Camp;D tax agents for trading purpose. The business name is administered by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). This information is he ld in a public registry under the state or territory Business Name Registration Act 2011 (Harris, Hargovan amp; Adams, 2009). It details the identities of persons conducting the business and is useful for creditors. By accessing the information, creditors can ascertain who is operating the business. Another main registration requirement is the partnership agreement between two or more parties to enter into a legally binding relationship. The creation of partnership is essentially contractual in nature and the rules applicable to the formation of a contract must be followed for the partnership to have validity (Kimmel, 2008). If there is no partnership agreement, then the law assumes that all profits and losses will be shared equally between the partners. In this case, Christina and David decide to have a formal written partnership agreement because it clarify each partners roles, responsibilities, assets and liabilities and reduces the likelihood of disputes. An agreement can also cover what happens if the structure is dissolved or changed, for example, through the retirement or death of one of the partners (Pendieton amp; Vickery, 2005). Written agreement also needs to cover including the name of partnership, the role and authority of each partner, proportion of ownership of each partner, the manner of dissolution, the distribution of assets on dissolution and the resolution of disputes (Birt et al. , 2012). According to contribution of cash from Christina and David, which are $80,000 and $30,500 separately, Christina should be entitled to 73%, a greater share than David who accounts for 27% of the profits and losses. The salary of Christina and David is $5,600 each er month and are paid by fortnight. In terms of taxation, a partnership has its own TFN and lodges its own separate tax return with ATO (Birt et al. , 2012). In other words, although the partnership does not pay tax, individuals need to lodge an annual partnership income tax return on behalf of the business to show the total income earned and deductions claimed by the business. The tax return also shows each partners share of net partnership income as set out in the partnership agreement. Each partner includes their share on the individual tax return. As a partner, you must pay tax on your share of the partnership income you earn. Under a partnership, each partner is personally liable for the tax debts of the partnership. As a member of the partnership, youre responsible for your own super arrangements as youre not an employee of the business. You may be able to claim a deduction for any personal super contributions you make, and the partnership must make super contributions for any eligible workers they employ (Seidman, 1950). Lastly, individual partner is responsible for paying tax on the business income. Taking their partnership reports into account, there is no bound by accounting standards or company regulation, thus there is no guideline to follow when producing financial reports. Meanwhile, it is flexible in how they report on their financial position and financial performance (Kimmel, 2008). Financial Report On 1 July 2012, Christina and David established a partnership business structure named Camp;D tax agent, specializing in tax return service for customers. Christina and David managed the business themselves and hired Paula as an assistant. According to the written partnership agreement, they are liable for the debts and Christina is entitled to 72%, David is entitled to 27% of the profits and losses. The salary of Christina and David is $5,600 each per month. The main income comes from a contract with XYZ Ltd and tax return service for clients. To ensure the efficiency of the operation, they purchased a Bamp;W computer and signed a three-year lease on a BMW. Besides, the business expenses include rents, stationery, bills, advertising fees and so on. Now Camp;D tax agent has been operated for one month, the following transactions have occurred. Hence a worksheet is prepared as follows (Figure 1). Figure 1 Worksheet Figure 1 Worksheet The income statement reflects the success of the partnership in generating profits from its available resources during period ending 31 July 2012 using accrual accounting and also assesses the profitability of an entity throughout the life of the partnership (Birt et al. , 2012). In order to reflect the profits ability of Camp;D tax agent, the income statement is presented in Figure 2. Camp;D Tax Agent| Income Statement for period ending 31 July 2012| Income| | $| $| ?| Revenue| 29,595 | ? | Total income | | | 29,595 |

Leading Change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan Essay Example

Leading Change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan Essay Individual Assignment: leading change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan – Core Leadership task Carlos Ghosn is very strong leader who leading the Renault and Nissan. He made the Company strategic alliance for Nissan with French auto car manufacturer Renault was mutually beneficial for both companies, each of them expanding portfolio and becoming more competitive in the context of globalized mature automobile market. Analysis the leadership of Carlos Ghosn, actually he made a number of remarkable leadership change management on the Renault and Nissan. And Following core task of leadership were well used at Tenure and Nissan A. Effective leadership instills in the organization behavioral patterns that will support sustained outstanding performance. At Nissan, he want to bring Nissan back to profitability at the earliest date possible and revive it as highly attractive company. But in the cooperation through the merge and alliances, that is not dimply a matters of making fundamental change to a company’s organization and operations so de decided to focusing on specific business objective, means focusing on performance and he could by pass concerns for cultural difference. Meanwhile through the performance management, he remove the executive who failure to meet performance target. Through the over and over change. He equip up the team with good performance to achieve the change the people instead of change person. B. Develop and Communicate Purpose – He made a lot of level communication to member and got much valuable information to help him diagnosis the organization and implemented the change accordingly. Meanwhile to share the demanding of organization performance goal. This is also a upward communication. like the article side: spoke directly to employee was especially important C. Leader development through the cross function team work and make the important decision of organization to let those key member well know operation of other function to give then horizontal view of organization for future development D. Effective leadership will be exercised by multiple individuals at different levels and in different units of the organization. E. Walk and talk in his view the leaders must do what they say and say what they do. We will write a custom essay sample on Leading Change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Leading Change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Leading Change for Carlos Ghosn at Renault and Nissan specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And he required the top management team is highly visible and what they think, what they say and what they do must be same. They have to be impeccable in ensuring that they worlds correspond to their action. F. The Effective leadership will be exercised by multiple individuals at different levels and in different units of the organization – he involved NRP and serial of HR management plan to reduce the cost, make the good transformation, transformed a struggling company into a good company. Transform the good company into a great company. Overall evaluated for Carlos Ghosn’s leadership on change management, we may see he well manager those leadership to adapt the organization development needs, he engage the six core of leadership from coupled with demanding performance goal, and employee can then adapt to changing circumstances by finding new petitions while aligned with the company’s purpose and direction. Through the well communication setting up, especially upward communication, support new behavior and help ensure leader will learn from employee at all level about the effectiveness of the efforts. Carlos Ghosn leads the change. And also we may see those changes are involved a lot of party of organization to make those change happen as not individual can change the organization. Effective leadership change requires that collaborative partnership among those individuals who hold the positions of formal authority and employee at other organization level who can participants in the process of leading change. The result of the changes, of course will be benefit to the organization as a whole. Leadership ectation rganization performance dem Cross-Functional Teams When you get a clear strategy and communicate your priorities, its a pleasure working in Japan. The Japanese are so organized and know how to make the best of things. They respect leadership . Carlos Ghosn Even though Ghosn expected that his attitude toward cultural respect and opportunism would lead to success, Ghosn was pleasantly surprised by how quickly Nissan employees accepted and participated in the change of their m anagement processes. In his speech at Tuck school he mentioned that workers love stories, they want to understand the story they are in and the role they are playing, they want to see a happy ending-and they want to be part of that ending. Nissan employees were eager to prove themselves. In fact, he has credited all of the success in his programs and policies to the willingness of the Nissan employees at all levels to change their mindsets and embrace new ideas. Perhaps it was the way he started that set the foundation among the employees. Is this Essay helpful? Join OPPapers to read more and access more than 325,000 just like it! get better grades Carlos Ghosn was the first manager to actually walk around the entire company and meet every employee in person, shaking hands and introducing himself. In addition, Ghosn initiated long discussions with several hundred managers in order to discuss their ideas for turning Nissan around. This began to address the problems within the vertical layers of management by bringing the highest leader of the company in touch with some of the execution issues facing middle and lower management. It also sent a signal to other executives that they needed to be doing the same thing. But he did not stop there. After these interviews, he decided that the employees were quite energetic, as shown by their recommendations and opinions. With this in mind, Ghosn decided to develop a program for transformation which relied on the Nissan people to make recommendations, instead of hiring outside consultants. He began to organize Cross-Functional Teams to make decisions for radical changes in the company. Part of The Global Leadership Of Carlos Ghosn At Nissan In 1999, the Nissan was suffering under a decade of decline and unprofitability, in fact the company was on the verge of bankruptcy, with continuous loses for the past eight years resulting in debts of approx. $22 billion. Elements impacting Nissans performance prior to the global alliance with Renault Internal factors: Emphasis on short-term market share growth instead of a long term success strategy; Advanced engineering and technology, plant productivity, quality management. However, less attention was given to design and innovation, on the assumption that consumers were looking for quality and safety. This implies a lack of knowledge of the market, consumers changing tastes, and showed that Nissan management did not pay too much attention to what competition was doing. External factors: The devaluation of yen from 100 to 90 yen for a US dollar; Moodys and Standard Poorss rating agencies announced in 1999 that Nissan would be lowered from investment grade to junk unless it could not Is this Essay helpful? Join OPPapers to read more and access more than 325,000 just like it! get better grades get any financial support. Both formal and informal internal procedural Nissan norms, as well as Japanese cultural norms were holding the company back. Through keiretsu investments Nissan management believed would foster loyalty and cooperation between members of the value chain, hence they invested in real estate and suppliers companies. 4 billion US dollars were invested in stock shares of other companies as part of keiretsu philosophy. Nissan Company strategic alliance with French auto car manufacturer Renault was mutually beneficial for both companies, each of them expanding portfolio and becoming more competitive in the context of globalized mature automobile market. With Renault assuming a stake of 36. 8% at Nissan, the latter would retain its investment grade status. The alliance enabled Renault to penetrate and expand in international markets that it was looking for Asia and North America. In turn, Nissan would gain market share in South America.

Great Quotations About College

Great Quotations About College College quotations can address everything from life as a starving student to the value of an education. Below are some of the most on-the-spot, pithy, and overall great quotations about college. (For full citation information, please see details at the end of the article.) College Quotations A University should be a place of light, of liberty, and of learning. Benjamin Disraeli, speech, House of Commons, March 11, 1873 (Oxford)Men may be born free; they cannot be born otherwise, and it is the duty of the university to make the free wise. Adlai Stevenson (Esar)The true University of these days is a collection of books. Thomas Carlyle, On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic (Oxford)Our colleges ought to have lit up in us a lasting relish for he better kind of man, a loss of appetite for mediocrities. William James, The Social Value of the College-Bred (Bartlett)A college education doesnt make fools; it merely develops them. (Esar)Universities incline wits to sophistry and affectation. Francis Bacon, Valerius Terminus of the Interpretation of Nature (Oxford)An education is a wonderful thing; no college should be without one. (Esar)College is a refuge from hasty judgment. Robert Frost, quote, July 9, 1961 (Oxford)My whaleship was my Yale College and my Harvard. Herma n Melville, Moby Dick (Bartlett) The use of the university is to make young men as unlike their fathers as possible. Woodrow Wilson (Esar)A Harvard education consists of what you learn at Harvard while you are not studying. James B. Conant, Time (September 29, 1986) (Oxford)Dont join too many gangs. Join few if any. Join the United States and join the family But not much in between unless a college. Robert Frost, Build Soil (Bartlett)Many a man spends the happiest years of his life as a freshman at college. (Esar)D ye think th colledges has much to do with th progress iv th wurruld? asked Mr. Hennesy. D ye think, said Mr. Dooley, tis th mill that makes th wather run? Finley Peter Dunne, On Wall Street (Bartlett)To live for a time close to great minds is the best kind of education. John Buchan, Memory Hold-the-Door (Oxford)Life isnt all beer and skittles, but beer and skittles, or something better of the same sort, must form a good part of every Englishmans education. Thomas Hughes, Tom Browns Schooldays (Bartl ett) Some students go to college to learn to think, but most go to learn what the professors think. (Esar)He who enters a university walks on hallowed ground. James Bryant Conant, Notes on the Harvard Tercentenary (Bartlett)Education begins when your father sends you to college, and is completed when you send your son there. (Esar) Sources: Bartlett, John. Bartletts Familiar Quotations, Fifteenth Edition. Little, Brown, Company. 1980. Esar, Evan. 20,000 Quips Quotes. Barnes Noble, Inc. 1995. The Oxford Essentials Quotations Dictionary, American Edition. Oxford University Press, Inc. 1998.

Report to a potential investor, comparing and analyzing two companies' Essay

Report to a potential investor, comparing and analyzing two companies' current and previous years group figures in the annual report for the year ended 2012 - Essay Example It is the parent company of Sainsbury Supermarkets Ltd involved in the retailing business in UK and other parts of the world. With a market share of over 16.5%, it is one of the leading chains in the market catering to the various needs of the customers. Tesco Ltd is the market leader in the retailing industry in UK with major share in the market. It is also the third largest retailer in the world in terms of revenue and has its operations outside United Kingdom also. Over the period of time, Tesco has served the diversified needs of its customers in UK as well as other global markets. As compared to 2011, there has been a positive growth in the revenue of Sainsbury of 5.3%. Revenue for the year 2011 was  £21,102(M) whereas for 2012, it was  £22,294(M). As compared to Sainsbury, Tesco’s revenue however grew by 6.8% indicating that Tesco has been better at improving its turnover for the year. There could be different factors resulting into this higher growth of Tesco because it is a global firm with presence in more international markets as compared to Sainsbury. Tesco is present in countries like India and China thus offering it much needed leverage against the difficult economic situations prevailing in UK and other developed world. In order to effectively shield itself against market movements, Sainsbury therefore needs to diversify its market presence to generate more value for its shareholders. Gross Profit margin for Sainsbury has declined from 5.5% to 5.4% however this reduction may not be large. Tesco’s gross profit margin has declined too from 8.5% to 8.2% showing a relatively larger reduction in the gross profit margin as compared to Sainsbury. It may therefore be a result of higher level of inflation prevailing in United Kingdom and other global markets. Profit margin of Sainsbury has declined from 3.0% to 2.7% whereas the

Government's help to troubled homeowners Research Paper

Government's help to troubled homeowners - Research Paper Example The other criteria that needs to be met is in terms of the fact that the displaced person would have lost public assistance if she has dependent children or income from other member of family The argument in favor of the Act is that it is timely help for unemployed or underemployed women whose chances of gaining employment are slim. Besides, it could also be used in lieu of other income assistance that would not be forthcoming. The counterarguments against this Act are that this would first and foremost act as a disincentive to work and people will tend to depend on such assistance instead of working to earn their bread. Besides, this act has been mainly for women and not for men who may also be underemployed or seeking productive work. Therefore, the element of gender discrimination or bias is also quite evident in this Act. While definitely seeking to grant succor to troubled and struggling families, this Act was also intended to offer a new stimulus to women who could not gain any benefits under Social Security or was under the process of losing social security benefits.

Educational Approaches in the ECCE Sector Ireland

Educational Approaches in the ECCE Sector Ireland Marie Grey Aistear the Early Childhood Curriculum Framework. Aistear is the national curriculum framework set in place all around Ireland. It is for early education from birth-6yrs. There is not one specific programme or curriculum to follow. It was put in place to help in schools, pre-schools, crà ¨ches, and within the home. By working closely with parents, teachers and practitioners Aistear provides a safe and enjoyable learning experience. Aistear is all about learning through play. Its four themes are as follows: Well-Being- This is about the overall well-being of the child. Such as physically, mentally, spiritually, and emotionally. I have used this aim as an example of what Well-being is. Aim 3: â€Å"Children will be creative and spiritual.†(National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA), 2009). Identity and Belonging- Is to know themselves as a unique individual, to belong as part of a group and part of the world. Not to feel left out, to feel accepted and equal. I found this aim explains Identity and Belonging very well. Aim1: â€Å"Children will have strong self-identities and will feel respected and affirmed as unique individuals with their own life stories.†(NCCA, 2009) Exploring and Thinking- Feeling confident to explore, try new things, be curious, use imagination, have a mind of their own, own opinions, views and thoughts. Learn to solve problems using their own initiative. This aim shows how this particular theme can be used. Aim 4: â€Å"Children will have positive attitudes towards learning and develop dispositions like curiosity, playfulness, perseverance, confidence, resourcefulness, and risk taking.† (NCCA, 2009) Communication- Being able to communicate openly/freely. Language development, listening skills. To socialise as part of a group. By taking a look at the aims you can see how they are used. Aim 2: â€Å"Children will use language† (NCCA, 2009) HighScope The HighScope curriculum was developed for day-cares, play groups, nurseries and crà ¨ches. It involves a lot of free play. Learning through play. It’s not as structured as others. Children have their own choices about the activities they wish to do, adults have to make sure they follow through on their decisions. By using recyclable materials and labelling shelves and areas where everything goes, they learn to tidy up when they’re finished and gain confidence by making their own decisions. Children learn about science, maths, technology, reasoning, language and the world around them. HighScope offers support for parents and lots of involvement from them. Using methods like plan-do-review, HighScope offers the children opportunities to plan their activity, proceed with it and come back to review and reflect with the adult. The child can express what they did, how and why, if they enjoyed it, or if doing art they show the adult what they made and can feel proud of their hard work. â€Å"HighScope teachers arrange and label classroom interest areas and stock diverse materials to give children a broad range of experience and help them begin to understand how the world can be organised.† (Epstein, pg13, 2007) Aistear and HighScope Aims and Goals. Aistear vs. HighScope Similarities. Aistear has four themes- HighScope has fifty eight Key Developmental Indicators. (KDIs). They both have learning goals. For example a learning goal from Aistear’s Well-being- Aim 1: Be confident and self-reliant. Example of HighScope’s five ingredients of active participatory learning or learning goals- Choice: Children are free to use the materials however they choose when doing plan-do-review. They both plan for the same overall outcome to support the child’s holistic development and also the best interest of each child. They both centre their curriculums on learning through play and the environment. Differences. Aistear’s four themes are: Well-being, Communication, Identity and Belonging, Exploring and Thinking. Here are a few of HighScope’s (KDIs): Initiative, Social Relations, Creative Representation, Movement Music, Language Literacy, and Mathematics Science. HighScope is a more structured curriculum than Aistear. There is a lot more Aims and goals in HighScope than Aistear. Aistear is an Irish founded curriculum HighScope is an American founded curriculum. Aistear’s themes can be very easily incorporated into the HighScope curriculum. By using the main four themes and knowing the aims and learning goals the HighScope method can then be reviewed alongside Aistear. That way a new or updated curriculum can be conducted. For instance when using plan-do-review in HighScope, Aistear’s theme of Thinking and Exploring can be used. How I would do this in an Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE).By letting the children go and plan their own activities and use their intuitive to explore the world around them. They would be then using both curriculums together. Any or all aspects of Aistear’s four themes can be used or incorporated into HighScope’s method of plan-do-review. Another example would be if the child planned to do art. This would cover Aistear’s identity and belonging, Thinking and exploring and communication. Why I say communication, the child would be communicating their feelings through their cr eativity and individuality. Here are some of the learning goals that Aistear and HighScope use: â€Å"Well-being Children will show good judgement when taking risks. Identity and Belonging Children will appreciate the features that make a person special and unique (name, size, hair, hand and footprint, gender, birthday)†. (ncca.ie 2014). In my opinion these two curriculums work very well together, and support the teachers and practitioners in their understanding of why they need to provide these opportunities for children. â€Å"Basic Principles and Goals of the High/Scope Approach Communicating Children will develop counting skills, and a growing understanding of the meaning and use of numbers and mathematical language in an enjoyable and meaningful way. Exploring and Thinking Children will gather and use information from different sources using their increasing cognitive, physical and social skills. In partnership with the adult, children will demonstrate growing confidence in being able to do things for themselves make decisions and take increasing responsibility for their own learning Act on their curiosity, take risks and be open to new ideas and uncertainty†. (ncca.ie 2014). It is in my opinion very important to support each individuals learning opportunities and experiences at this early stage in their lives. â€Å"The High/Scope program strives to develop in children a broad range of skills, including the problem solving, interpersonal, and communication skills that are essential for successful living in a rapidly changing society. The curriculum encourages student initiative by providing children with materials, equipment, and time to pursue activities they choose. At the same time, it provides teachers with a framework for guiding children’s independent activities toward sequenced learning goals†. (Education.com High Scope: A Constructivist Approach 2009). 3. Theorists views linking with HighScope and Aistear. Margaret McMillan Known for her theories on free-play and outdoors, she links to most of the day to day outdoor activities children experience in an ECCE setting such as exploring the garden, seeing different types of bugs and exploring the outdoor environment. Also playing freely in nature. Which cover Aistear’s themes communication, identity and belonging, well-being, thinking and exploring. It also covers most of HighScope learning goals of exploring the environment and world around them and also risk taking and problem solving. â€Å"McMillan believed that children learn by exploring, first-hand experience and active learning. Also they learn through free-play, especially with craft and water activities.† Early learning (2014) she cared for children from 18 months to 7yrs old. â€Å"The best classroom and the richest cupboard is roofed only by the sky†. â€Å"Inspirational Posters† Early learning (2014) Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Theory of Play: Play is in a relaxed environment where learning can occur easily. Play is not the same as learning, cognitive development requires both assimilation and adaption, and play is assimilation without accommodation. Piaget is mostly known for this four stage theory: Sensory-Motor Stage birth – 2yrs. Pre-operational Stage 2yrs-7yrs. Stage of Concrete Operations 7yrs -11yrs. Stage of Formal Operations 11yrs -16yrs. Both curriculums support the development of this theory in HighScope children have the choice to choose their own learning. Thus giving them independence and free thinking at a young age. By using Jean Piaget’s theory of Cognitive play each child will have great benefits in their learning combined with the support and independence HighScope is providing and the freedom and support of their identity and well-being Aistear is providing. Overall the three used together would give great support and work well to help the child holistically within their development. While also giving them a better understanding of themselves and the world. Although Piaget suggests in his theory play is not the same as learning I disagree, children learn through play. Piaget suggests Children have real understanding only of that which they invent themselves, and each time that we try to teach them something too quickly, we keep them from reinventing it themselves. (The Century’s Greatest Minds, Time, 1999) Jean Piaget Quotes Piaget’s other theories are: Play and Imagination, Play and Reason, Piaget suggests there are four types of play: For example symbolic play and doing puzzles which promotes thinking and exploring and communication which are two of Aistear’s themes. As for HighScope problem solving is one of their learning goals so as you will see in the quote below children use their imaginations to replay something they may have witnessed or experienced, maybe even seen on a T.V show through their play or role play. At this time they may be resolving the conflict or situation in a way that they would have liked it to be resolved. Which again is using both curriculums and the theories of Piaget. Sensory- Motor or physical, play When the child repeats an action like swinging their legs/arms just for the fun of it. Symbolic Play Imagination â€Å"It is primarily affective conflicts that appear in symbolic play. If there is a scene at lunch, for example, one can be sure that an hour or two afterward it will be recreated with dolls and will be brought to a happier solution. If the child has been frightened by a dog, in a symbolic game things will be arranged so that dogs will no longer be mean or children will become brave†. Jean Piaget quotes (2014) 4. Learning Opportunities and Holistic Development. In my opinion Aistear offers each child the opportunity to fulfil their potential as an individual learning about themselves, where they belong within their family, community and the world. What I mean by this, by exploring their environment and having fun, safe and fulfilling learning experiences in a fun, child orientated with support from adults but not over powering or controlled by adults and a friendly, stimulating environment. They will learn how to socialise, make decisions, solve problems, and build strong bonds or relationships. They will also benefit holistically in their development by doing fun and age appropriate, challenging and inspiring activities which will support them in their physical, intellectual, language, emotional and social development. (P.I.L.E.S).Aistear’s approach is one that allows the child to lead their own activities with support of adults only when the child needs or requests it. The adults are mostly there to ensure the materials provided are appropriate to support each child’s needs. Also to provide a warm, safe, hygienic, stimulating and challenging environment for each child to reach their potential and their own natural learning pace. Nothing is forced or a child does not have to be able to do a certain thing, they learn at their own pace. Saying that the adult is there to observe and ensure the child is meeting or reaching their developmental milestones. If a delay is identified the adult will observe further and suggest but not the child to do different activities to suit their learning needs. HighScope on the other hand give children the opportunity to learn symbols or letters as everything is labelled, children begin to recognise letters or markings and understand these symbols are the names of the materials or items. As the HighScope method gives more opportunities for children to learn with natural or realistic materials such as within the home area real kettles or pots and utensils are provided for learning. This offers the children the learning opportunity of life skills. Which I feel is beneficial for children especially this day and age as many parents are always working children need to learn skills such as pouring themselves a drink. This can be used at home as well children can use mathematic skills in the shopping centre with parents or at home packing the shopping away or the washing counting stockings or pegs. HighScope also recommends parental involvement and although Aistear does require observations HighScope is stricter on observations and record keeping as daily observations are required in some cases. I do however feel both curriculums offer lots of different learning aspects, goals and opportunities. Both together can work extremely well and cover the child’s holistic environment and also support them in other factors of their environment such as culture and social also family and community. In my opinion either Aistear or HighScope would benefit a child’s holistic development if used properly, correctly and to its full potential. Using them combined would in my opinion offer more learning opportunities for each child and offer a lot more freedom and exploration learning opportunities for the children. As Aistear will support HighScope in the areas of the children’s overall well-being. HighScope will support Aistear offering the children with more choice and independence which will also support the child’s thinking and exploring and their identity and belonging, alongside their holistic development by doing activities and exploration. As both curriculums link to each other and are similar in many ways most of the learning goals are the same Aistear does however encourage lots more involvement from parents. HighScope offers lots of opportunities for independence, growth for confidence, self-esteem and decision making. Using the KDI’s as guidelines for learning opportunities as Aistear uses its four themes, aims and learning goals or outcomes. â€Å"Both sets of KDIs are arranged to correspond to the National Goals for Education in the USA. They equally relate to Aistear, the early childhood curriculum framework in Ireland†. ‘The High Scope Approach to Early Learning’. Geraldine French. (2012) (arrow.DIT.ie) References and Bibliography National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA). (2009). ‘Principles and Themes’. NCCA: Epstein, Ann S. (2007). ‘Essentials of Active Learning in Preschool Getting to know the HighScope Curriculum’. HighScope Press: Michigan, USA. National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA). (2009). ‘Principles and Themes’. NCCA: Epstein, Ann S. (2007). ‘Essentials of Active Learning in Preschool Getting to know the HighScope Curriculum’. HighScope Press: Michigan, USA. ‘Aistear: the Early Childhood Curriculum Framework’ cited on: http://www.ncca.ie/en/Curriculum_and_Assessment/Early_Childhood_and_Primary_Education/Early_Childhood_Education/Aistear_Toolkit/Activity_Exploring_Aistears_learning_goals_.pdf Accessed online [7th of June 2014] ‘High Scope: A Constructivist Approach’ Excerpt from Early Childhood Education Today, by G.S. Morrison, 2009 edition, p. 149-155. Cited on: http://www.education.com/reference/article/high-scope-constructivist-approach/ Accessed online [7th of June 2014] Melanie Klein project (2014) â€Å"Play Therapy† [Online], available at: https://sites.google.com/site/melaniekleinproject/work/play-therapy accessed online [17th January 2014] Early learning HQ (2014) â€Å"Inspirational Quotation Poster† [Online], available at: http://www.earlylearninghq.org.uk/latest-resources/inspirational-quotation-poster-margaret-mcmillan/ accessed [17th January 2014] About psychology (2014) â€Å"Jean Piaget Quotes† [Online], available at: http://psychology.about.com/od/early-child-development/a/jean-piaget-quotes.htm accessed [20th January 2014] ‘The High Scope Approach to Early Learning’ Geraldine French (2012) http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010context=aaschsslbk Accessed online [7th of June 2014] Marie GreyPage 1

Use Electronic Message Systems

Please find below some guide questions to help you when writing a statement for this unit, (if you would prefer, you can make notes on these points and we can have a taped discussion at our next visit)General Knowledge for using electronic message systems:Describe what the main types of electronic message systems are (for example, emails, instant messaging, text messaging etc) In our company we are using two of the main types of electronic message systems are as follows: †¢E-mails, these work by the message leaving your inbox, it is then transferred to a number of servers before it reaches the other persons inbox. During this time it passes through a few servers, some of which save the email for future reference.†¢Faxes are another type of electrical message system, this works by drawing the documents through it, scanning them and saving digital images into memory. The machine dials the number, waits for acknowledgment from the fax machine on the other end then transfers th e images using different frequency tones to translate varying shades of dark and light.Describe what the different features of electronic message systems are Emails are more superior then Faxes as you can attach things, and they can be used for a variety of things. Signing up to websites, they can also be used for video conferencing. You are not limited to how long the email is you are sending, however when you are using a fax machine you are charged by how many pages you send. This can be costly if it is used on a regular basis, whereas emails are free and readily available.Explain the purpose of keeping an electronic message system up to date The purpose of keeping an electronic message system up to date is that I know which messages I dealt with also to avoid miscommunication. It also allows me to have more clear view at other messages. For example every day when I’m coming to work first what I do is checking my email to find what task I have  to do. As soon as I replay I am moving them to folders or delete if are not important.Describe how to use an electronic message system to check and delete or discard messages On our computers we are using Microsoft Outlook.   First what I need to do is log in to my account by using login and password then I can see all emails what been send to me directly or to address group where I’m included. When I get an email, my computer displays an envelope in the task bar area, plays a sound and also pops up on my screen to let me know that I have mail.All new massages are bold font so are easy to spot. Enough if I click on message it will show on right site of my desktop and automatically sender will receive message that I have read his email. After read and respond I moving massages to adequate folder to keep information for case I’ll need it (for example attached forms) or delete if are finish and not needed any more. To delete message I need highlight message and click â€Å"Delete† button w hat move the message to â€Å"Delete items† then if I want remove permanently I need right click and choose â€Å"Empty bin†Explain the purpose of leaving clear messages for othersThe purpose of leaving clear messages for others is that we can make sure that the point we want to get across is received and hopefully understood. This can also minimize potential conflict that could come from misunderstanding.Now show me how you use electronic message systems and give me some examples of the following (you can use screen shots and explanations to illustrate your answers)Give me an example of a message that you have responded to within suitable timescale, show the message from someone and your message that you sent backTwice a week we send packaging to Spain.First what we receiving are details about transport from trays control department: Who, when and what will be collected.Then we are receiving a list of packaging from packaging planers:When everything is ready I sending back list with quantities prepared to let know planers what exactly was send and what left in our stores.Show me how you delete messages once they have been dealt withNext click on â€Å"Delete Items† folder by right click open menu and chose â€Å"Empty folder†.

A Life In The Day Of (creative writing)

My mother knocks. The door opens. Bright light blasts into my consciousness; I cannot see. I leap out of bed to reduce the longing to return and the cold hits me like a slap. As you can probably tell, I am not a morning person – I never have been. I have learnt to hate them over the years. We have never had heating on until Mid-November because my parents insist that they can't afford to heat the whole house. This makes mornings a nightmare! Once I'm up, I can just about manage. I dress and eat breakfast to music. Music is a significant thing for me. My parents used to be in a band together and my mother is still trying to get a record-deal. She always likes to think of herself as a young and trendy mum. She is really into the house and garage music scene, but me†¦I'm a different story. Everyone in my family has opposite views on music. My mother and one of my little sisters, Heidi, like pop and garage music. My father, my youngest sister, and I like rock and Heavy Metal. This causes terrible arguments over what to listen to in the car or whilst eating dinner. However, the one band that we all agree on is Nirvana. I am a massive fan of Nirvana and have flags and posters of them all over my room. This is why I listen to Nirvana in the mornings – because nobody minds. By the time I get to school, I am (almost) fully awake. I have to walk to the station and get the train to school so I arrive at school feeling like I've been up for ages. Once I get my brain in gear it doesn't slow down. I constantly think – about everything! I occasionally come out with a random comment, completely off the subject because I've been thinking about it while everyone else is speaking. People have therefore got the impression that I'm slightly mindless because I never know what people are talking about. Although I don't like to admit it, I am fascinated by Philosophy. It takes up much of my precious thinking time. How can anyone not be fascinated by everything around them? Everyone takes so much for granted – like life. What is it? What is reality? Even simple things like how do I know that the table in front of me exists – how can I prove it? All this fascinates me. When I am an adult, I want to work with people's minds. I would like to be a phyciatrist or a therapist. I don't believe that anyone is born evil or with a mental disorder. If they are, I believe that their condition can be resolved. Everyone is capable of leading a perfectly normal life if they have a fully functional brain. Maybe I could help a lot of people solve their problems and make life more enjoyable for them. As I sit in my lessons, I try to comprehend everything I'm told. I think the best method of revision is not to have colourful post-its on every page. I refuse to use anything like that because no matter how exciting you try to make a boring subject – it will still be boring. Instead I go through the year trying to understand what I am taught as I am taught it. If you read through the textbook before the exam and try to understand everything it says, it is a lot better than frantically trying to memorise a list of words and numbers. Lunchtime approaches and I anticipate the bell. Lessons can be enjoyable but I'm starving. Lunchtime symbolises a period of time where I have no excuse but to socialise. That is one of the few things in life I find really hard because I lack self-confidence. People find it strange that I always have a tissue with me. My parents think it is like a comfort blanket for me. I think so too. My life at the moment is torn between work and play; it is really hard to juggle both. In order to keep your friends, (if friends they are) you have to seem as if you don't care about work – even if you do. In lessons when they try to disrupt you, you can't tell them to be quiet because that will show that you are really interested. Instead, you have to grit your teeth and pretend you are listening to both teacher and friend. I've found that if you nod occasionally to your friend, they will get bored after a while. Actually during the lunch break there is another crisis. How can you ever know what to talk about? I am fine when I'm in a one to one – but in a group, like at lunch, I panic! However, I can often be an extrovert. I survive in crowds by encouraging them to laugh at me. If I intend for them to laugh at me, it can't humiliate me but if I try to get people to laugh with me, I could be confronted with an uncomfortable silence. I enjoy making people laugh now and I have acquired an image with some people as being almost like a comedian or a clown. I enjoy this image and it boosts my self-confidence. I don't mind being laughed at if I am hoping that my thoughts will be funny to someone. Some people laugh at me because I feel so strongly about things that don't matter to many others. I find now, in secondary school, people don't often laugh cruelly and make fun of you. I don't have to worry as much about what people think of me. I like that. I am usually in a good mood when I start the afternoon of lessons. That is, if my confidence hasn't failed me during lunch and I ended up sitting alone. The afternoon lessons usually shoot by and it's three-thirty before I know it. I pack my bag to go home with eagerness and set off for the station. Usually, all the way home we get caught up in one debate or another. Once, we started discussing the theory of relativity and what it was. That debate didn't finish until nine o'clock that night because one of us had to look it up in Britannica. I am usually the loudest member of these debates because I have an opinion on almost everything. When I get home and I've finished my homework, I usually start reading. I have always enjoyed reading and have now become quite fast at it. This is not only a chance for me to relax, but also a chance for me to get lost in a different world where I shrink into insignificance. I love to read fantasy books where there are exciting adventures. ‘Lord of the Rings' by J.R.R. Tolkein is probably my favourite. There are four adventures all rolled into one and a completely new world is created where even the people are different. Without reading and music, I could never switch off. They give me new things to think about. I am a very emotional person and I let myself become totally involved in any task at hand. When I read a book, I am really there. When I listen to music, I can do whatever I like. My life becomes unimportant and I can forget about my problems and concentrate on other things. I get ready to sleep, and wonder what my life will become. My one ambition is to go to Africa or Brazil, and help disadvantaged families there get themselves out of the well of poverty. Why does it really matter if a good friend of mine decides that she doesn't care about me any more? Who cares about my self-confidence levels? I just hope that I can make a positive difference in the world somewhere. I know I will someday, nothing else matters. I can't just sit and pray for people because I am an atheist. At last, I drift off into mindless slumber, in my safe and insulated world of duvet.

Woza Moya Organization is an NGO - 616 Words

THE NGO THAT I HAVE CHOSEN IS THE WOZA MOYA ORGANISATION 1. DISCUSS THE REASONS FOR THE FORMATION OF THE ORGANISATION Woza Moya was initiated by Sue Hedden who in 1998/9 was called to assist when the running of the kitchen at the Buddhist retreat centre which was assisting the Buddhist and Zulu speaking and so the workers would go to her for advice in helping them with problems they faced in their work place. They mentioned their desire to learn to speak English. Sue had been trained in adult literacy and decided to take this to another level. The classes soon became the highlight of the week. She soon became aware of other issues such as HIV Aids. Sue had a school friend contact who was also an executive director of the Aids foundation of South Africa, her response was immediate and laid out some guidelines to follow and she contacted the stakeholders in the Ufafa community such as: counsellors, traditional healers and parents to find out what issues people were facing and how to respond. They began meeting with the various communities. Kitti Soro and Thani Saro Weinberg who were resident teacher s said they would raise funds to initiate the project. They also used friends in the USA and the fundraising events began. Five years later the Woza Moya community centre was birthed in 2005. The centre was relocated to the community of Ufafa. The name Woza Moya came into being from her personal experience, which was when her fiancà © Dave Everett took his own life, he was a